Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

April 21, 2022

The Mysterious Menorah Carving in the Ancient City of Ephesus

The southern Aegean port city was once home to a large Jewish community.

Located in modern Turkey, Ephesus was once the cultural and economic capital of the Roman empire in Asia Minor. It was also home to the Celsus Library—the third-largest in the Roman world. At some point during its history, Judith Sudilovsky reports, “someone carved a graffiti image of a menorah into one of the steps of the library’s marble staircase.” Since its discovery in the early 20th century, archaeologists and other scholars have been attempting to trace the origins and meaning of the carving.

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