Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

March 24, 2026

A Controversial Rabbi Who Crossed the Sephardi-Ashkenazi Divide and Hunted Heretics

Hakham Tsvi.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Jewish world was more interconnected than it ever was until well into the 20th. That fact in part explains the career of Rabbi Tsvi Hirsh ben Jacob (1656–1718), who was born in what is now the Czech Republic (then Habsburg Moravia) and spent so much time in Sephardi communities that he was known as Tsvi Ashkenazi—and preferred the Sephardi title of hakham to rabbi. Even by the standards of the day, his career was remarkable.

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