Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

August 28, 2023

I.I. Rabi’s God

The Jewish atomic scientist believed physics “transcended religion,” but didn’t replace it.

While J. Robert Oppenheimer was a Jew—and very aware of the fact—he received little Jewish education or exposure to religious practice. Other important Manhattan Project scientists, like Hans Bethe and Niels Bohr, had Jewish ancestors, but were raised as Christians. By contrast, the physicist Isidor Isaac Rabi—whose research made possible the MRI machine, the microwave oven, and modern radar systems—stood out among his many Jewish collaborators at Los Alamos for his deeply religious upbringing. Avi Shafran writes:

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