Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

May 30, 2025

Ruth’s Message of Lovingkindness

The law and the deeds of a noble gentleman.

The ancient rabbis taught that the book of Ruth belongs in Scripture because it is a tale of “deeds of lovingkindness (hesed).” Since Second Temple times, the related word hasid—literally, “a person of kindness”—has meant an especially pious person, who goes beyond the letter of the law in religious practice. With that in mind, Daniel Z. Feldman considers a question about Ruth that has bothered Jewish commentators for centuries: central to the plot is Boaz’s fulfilment of a legal obligation to Ruth involving levirate marriage and property rights, but—at least in the rabbinic understanding—these obligations in no way apply to the circumstances. Feldman cites an answer that gets at the heart of the book’s meaning:

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