Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

September 8, 2023

The Beginnings of Sephardi Jewry

A collective sense of its own antiquity fed into the trauma of 1492.

For many centuries, the term “Sephardi” has been applied to Jews whose ancestors fled Spain or Portugal in the 15th and 16th centuries, or to Jews from North Africa and the Middle East more generally. Tamar Marvin explains the origins of both the term and the community it denotes. The story begins with the biblical book of Obadiah, which refers to exiles from Jerusalem who settled in Sepharad—probably Sardis in what is now western Turkey. But Targum Jonathan, an Aramaic translation from the 1st- or 2nd-century long considered authoritative by Jews, renders the word as Espamia, i.e., Spain:

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