Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

October 1, 2025

The Mystery of Yom Kippur’s Most Important Verse

“Before the Lord you will be purified!”

Over the course of Yom Kippur, a single verse appears eighteen times in the traditional liturgy: “On this day, he shall atone or you, to purify you; of all your sins you shall be purified before the Lord” (Leviticus 16:30). Chaim Saiman notes the verse’s many ambiguities. Who (or what) is the subject of the verb “shall atone”? Is the first phrase “by this day” or “on this day”? Do the words “of all your sins” belong to the first or second clause? How close are talmudic exegeses to the p’shat, or literal meaning? 

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