Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

May 8, 2026

The Economic Consequences of War in the Strait of Hormuz—Nine Centuries Ago

A letter from a Jewish merchant.

In the Middle Ages, as today, the Strait of Hormuz was a major thoroughfare of global commerce. A letter from a medieval Jewish merchant reports on a military conflict there that caused widespread economic disruption in a very recognizable way. His story involves an attack on the port city of Aden by the ruler of the island of Kish just off the Iranian coast, to the west of the Strait. Menachem Butler writes:

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